The bulldozer is equipped with a ripper, which can loosen hard soil, soft rocks or crack layer rock to facilitate shoveling operations by the scraper and bulldozer. You can also use the blade of the bulldozer to directly push the scraper to increase the shovel capacity of the scraper. It can also assist graders or shovels to complete construction operations to improve the operating efficiency of these machines. So what are its categories?
1. According to the engine power, bulldozers can be divided into:
1) Small bulldozer: power below 37kv;
2) Medium-sized bulldozer: power between 37-250kw;
3) Large bulldozers; power above 250kw.
2. Bulldozing can still be divided into:
1) Crawler bulldozer: It has large traction force, small ground contact pressure, strong climbing ability and excellent operating performance. It is a multi-purpose machine.
2) Tire bulldozer: travels quickly. It has good maneuverability, short operation cycle time, convenient and rapid transfer, and does not damage the ground. It is especially suitable for use in urban construction and road maintenance projects. Because of its low manufacturing cost and easy maintenance, it has developed greatly in recent years. However, the adhesion performance is far inferior to that of belt bulldozers. When constructing on soft and wet sites, it is easy to cause the driving wheels to slip. Due to low production efficiency, it may even cause the vehicle to sink in severe cases. When mining mines, the surrounding rocks are hard and sharp, which can easily cause tire damage. Due to wear and tear, the range of use of tire bulldozers is subject to certain restrictions.
3. According to the installation form of bulldozers, bulldozers can be divided into:
1) Fixed blade bulldozer: The bulldozer’s bulldozer blade is fixed at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the main engine, also known as a suitable blade bulldozer. It has a simple mechanism, but it can only bulldoze in the forward direction and has poor operating flexibility. It is only used for small and medium-sized bulldozers.
2) Rotary blade bulldozer: The bulldozer’s bulldozer blade can rotate at a certain angle in the horizontal plane, and can be installed at a fixed right angle or non-right angle to the longitudinal axis of the main machine. It is also called an angle blade bulldozer. This kind of bulldozer has a wide operating range and is convenient for moving soil to one side and digging side trenches.
4. Bulldozers can be divided into the following types according to transmission mode:
1) Mechanical transmission bulldozers: Bulldozers using mechanical transmission are reliable in operation, simple to manufacture, high in transmission efficiency, and easy to repair, but laborious to operate. The transmission device has poor adaptability to the load, which can easily cause engine stalling and reduce operating efficiency. Large and medium-sized bulldozers are rarely used.
2) Hydro-mechanical transmission bulldozer; it adopts a combined transmission device of hydraulic torque converter and power shift transmission, which has the ability to continuously change speed and torque, and automatically adapt to changes in external loads. The engine is not easy to stall. It can shift under load, has fewer shifting times, is lightweight at 6g, and has high operating efficiency. It is the most commonly used transmission form for modern large and medium-sized bulldozers. The disadvantage is that it uses a hydraulic shortener, which has low transmission efficiency. The transmission device has a complex structure and high manufacturing and maintenance costs.
3) Fully hydraulic transmission bulldozer: driven by a hydraulic motor, the driving force is directly transmitted to the traveling mechanism. Because there are no main clutch, transmission, drive axle and other transmission components, the structure is compact, the overall layout is convenient, the whole machine is light, and the operation is simple, and it can realize in-situ steering u. However, the manufacturing cost of a fully hydraulic bulldozer is high, and its durability and reliability are Poor, currently only used on medium-power bulldozers. 4) Electric transmission bulldozer: The mechanical energy output by the diesel engine is first converted into electrical energy, and the electric motor is driven through the cable. Then it drives the traveling device and working device. It has compact structure, convenient overall layout and flexible operation. It can achieve stepless speed change and in-situ steering of the whole machine. But the whole machine is of high quality. The manufacturing cost is high and it is currently only used on a few high-power wheeled bulldozers. Another type of electric drive bulldozer uses electricity from the power grid, called electric drive. It is mainly used for open-pit mining and underground operations. It has no waste gas pollution, but is limited by power and cables and has a narrow range of use.
5. According to the blade control method, bulldozers can be divided into:
1) Cable bulldozer: The lifting and lowering of the blade is controlled by a steel cable. The blade enters the soil by its own weight and cannot be forced to cut the soil. The mechanism has many friction parts (such as pulleys and power hinges) and is easy to wear. The control mechanism requires frequent manual adjustment. Now rarely used.
2) Hydraulic bulldozer: The blade moves under the action of the hydraulic cylinder. It can be forced into the soil under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, or the blade can be driven into the soil under its own weight. It can shovel harder soil, has excellent working performance and good smoothing quality. In addition, the blade structure is light and easy to operate, and the operating mechanism does not require manual adjustment. The lifting speed of the hydraulic blade is very stable, which is more obvious in winter.
6. Bulldozers can be divided into:
1) Ordinary bulldozer: It has good versatility and is widely used in various earthwork construction operations.
2) Special-purpose bulldozer; strong speciality. Only suitable for construction operations in special environments. There are floating bulldozers, amphibious bulldozers, deepwater bulldozers, wetland bulldozers, blasting bulldozers, low-noise bulldozers, military high-speed bulldozers, etc. Floating bulldozers and amphibious bulldozers are water-type bulldozing construction work machines. The body of the floating bulldozer is a boat-shaped floating body. The intake and exhaust pipes of the engine are equipped with air guide pipes leading to the water surface, and the cab is installed on the floating platform for construction operations such as beach bathing and seabed leveling. Amphibious bulldozers are mainly used for operations in shallow water areas and swamp areas, and can also be used on land. Wetland bulldozers are low-specific-pressure crawler bulldozers that can be adapted to construction operations in swamplands. Military high-speed bulldozers are mainly used in national defense construction. They are used for war preparation construction in peacetime and can quickly remove obstacles and dig mountains to open roads during wartime.
Knowing the classification of bulldozers is very helpful for us to better distinguish between various types of bulldozers. If you want to buy second-hand bulldozers and bulldozer spare parts, you can contact us at any time.
Post time: Mar-07-2024